POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC LIFE AND ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE OF THE SURKHANDARYA REGION DURING THE ERA OF AMIR TEMUR AND THE TIMURIDS

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive historical analysis of the political and
economic life and architectural heritage of the Surkhandarya region during the era of Amir Temur
and the Timurids. The research examines the region’s role within the Timurid state system,
including trade networks, agriculture, craftsmanship, and urban development based on historical
sources. Particular attention is given to architectural monuments in and around Termez as
expressions of Timurid artistic and ideological principles. Drawing on archival materials,
medieval written sources, and modern historiography, the article highlights Surkhandarya’s
contribution to political stability, economic integration, and cultural flourishing in the Timurid
period. The findings support a reassessment of the region as an important center of Timurid
civilization.